[关键词]
[摘要]
弯曲河道中的水流运动和床面变形较顺直河道更为复杂,是河流动力学研究的热点之一。近年来,随着计算机软硬件的迅速发展和高效数值计算方法的出现,弯道水沙运动在数值模拟方面得到不断发展。本文系统梳理了国内外在弯曲河道的水流特性(水面横比降、横向环流、纵向垂线平均流速、床面剪切力等)、泥沙运动基本特性方面的研究,以及弯道水流二维、三维数值水流模型和河床演变模型研究进展,指出了目前弯曲河道水沙运动数值模拟中存在的问题,并对其今后可能的研究方向提出了建议。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
River flow and bed deformation in meandering streams are more complex than those in straight rivers, which is one of the main subjects in river dynamics. In recent years, with the rapid development of computer hardware and software and the appearance of efficient numerical methods as well, numerical simulation of meandering river flow and sediment transport develops with greater progress. This paper summarized the properties of meandering flow, such as the lateral slope of water surface, transverse circulation, average velocity along vertical line, and bed shear stress, and the basic characteristics of sediment transport. In addition, the research progress on the two-dimensional and three-dimensional flow models and bed evolution models in meandering streams were reviewed. The exiting problems of current numerical simulation on meandering river flow and sediment transport were pointed out and some possible solutions for future research in meandering river flow and bed deformation were proposed.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
江苏省自然科学基金(基础研究计划)面上项目(BK2012808);中央高校科研基金项目(2009B02214);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(YS11001)