[关键词]
[摘要]
为探明黄河石嘴山站的来水来沙过程,便于海勃湾水库的水沙调度,根据1951-2016年的水沙数据,采用非线性统计等方法分析了黄河石嘴山站的水沙序列变化及发展趋势。结果表明:石嘴山站水沙年内分配不均匀,60年代变化剧烈;66年来年径流量与年输沙量均呈显著性减少趋势,且具有正持续性,持续影响时间约8年、10年;水沙序列分别于1986、1968年发生突变,突变原因与黄河上游大型水库的运用密切相关;龙、刘水库分别对径流和泥沙的影响显著,二者联合运用后,石嘴山站流量基本处于2000 m3/s以下,水沙分配趋于均匀;不同时期的水沙关系重新调整,但均不显著;石嘴山站多年平均含沙量及多年平均来沙系数均较刘家峡水库运用前明显降低,但在龙、刘联合运用后基本不变。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
In order to find out the water and sediment process of the Shizuishan hydrologic station in the Yellow River, provide convenience for the Haibowan reservoir’s scheduling, based on hydrological data during the period of 1951-2016, nonlinear statistical was used to analysis the water and sediment sequence change and development trend. The results showed that the distribution of water and sediment in Shizuishan station was uneven, and the change was severe in the 1960s. Both annual runoff and annual silt discharge showed a significant decreasing trend, and the trend had a positive continuity, lasting for about 8 years and 10 years. The sharp changes of streamflow and silt discharge occurred in 1986 and 1968 respectively, and the reason of the sharp changes was closely related to the application of large reservoirs in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. Long and Liu reservoirs have significant impacts on streamflow and silt discharge respectively, after the combined application of the two reservoirs, the discharge is basically below 2000 m3/s, the distribution of streamflow and silt discharge tends to be even. The relation between water and sediment was readjusted in different period, but the relation is not obviously.The average annual sediment concentration and average incoming sediment coefficient were significantly lower than before the application of Liujiaxia reservoir, but they remained basically the same after the combined application of Long and Liu reservoir.
[中图分类号]
TV147
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金项目(51569020,51369017),国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402501)