水环境作为社会经济系统发展的基本环境，是人类赖以生存和发展的复杂的大系统，也是最容易受到人类活动干扰和破坏的领域。近几年来，海南工业和城市的迅猛发展，造成某些地区已经发生不同程度的水环境水质污染。目前，海南正在建设成为国际旅游岛，可以预见，逐年增加的游客数量会使淡水需求急剧增加，将势必对其水环境承载能力造成影响。本文采用层次分析法（AHP）和“模加和”法对海南水环境承载力进行了分析评价，结果显示， 2005年至2010年海南水环境承载力呈逐年上升的态势，均处于弱可承载力的等级，水环境状态很脆弱。最后，在分析海南水环境现状的基础上，提出了保持和提升海南水环境承载力的措施。

Water environment is the basic environment for the social and economic development and is a complex system for human survival and development. Moreover, it is the most vulnerable to the disturbance and destruction of human activities. In recent years, the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization of Hainan Province has resulted in different degrees of pollution in the water environment. At the same time, with the development of Hainan as an International Tourism Island, the demand for fresh water has increased dramatically due to the increasing of visitors, which will lead to significant impacts on the water environmental carrying capacity of Hainan Province. In this paper, the water environmental carrying capacity of Hainan Province was analyzed using the combined method of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and “mode and sum”. The results showed that the water environmental carrying capacity of Hainan Province has increased gradually from 2005 to 2010, but it was in a weak level and the state of water environment was very fragile. Through the analysis of the current situation of water environment of Hainan Province, the measures to maintain and enhance the water environmental carrying capacity of Hainan Province were proposed.

海南大学211工程建设项目；中国热带农业科学院中央级科研基本项目（1630042013018）