天然滤床渗流井取水工程是近年来发展起来的一种集取河流渗漏补给量的新技术，利用河床砂砾石层的净化作用，将河水转化为地下水以获得水资源。渗流井取水时，“渗流井—含水层”多种流态并存，水力条件复杂，边界条件很难确定。现以等效渗透系数为纽带将“井管”内外不同介质不同流态耦合起来，建立起渗流井取水的“渗流—管流”耦合模型。将所建模型应用于陕西省绥德县枣林坪水源地渗流井取水工程，计算了当地渗流井取水平水期、枯水期的出水量，最终确定允许开采量为47 600 m3/d。计算结果表明建立的模型能够较好地反映渗流井取水时的井流特征，对于指导渗流井取水工程的勘探、设计、施工有着积极的理论指导意义。

In regions where rivers are not perennial or have low flow conditions, the seepage wells are placed in the riverbed to obtain the uninterrupted supply of naturally filtered groundwater through highly permeable saturated riverbed aquifers. However, various flow patterns of “seepage well-aquifer” exist when water is taken by seepage wells. Due to the complexity of flow conditions, there is no analytical solution to characterize the boundary conditions accurately. To overcome this difficulty, a coupled “seepage-pipe flow” numerical model was developed for simulating water-taking by seepage wells using the equivalent hydraulic conductivity to couple different mediums and flow patterns inside and outside the pipe. The numerical model was applied for groundwater exploitation by seepage wells in the Zaolinping water source area in Suide County of Shanxi Province. The model was used to calculate the water yields in the normal and dry seasons and the allowable water yield was determined to be 47600 m3/d. The results showed that the proposed coupled seepage-pipe flow model can reflect the flow conditions for water-taking by seepage wells, which has theoretical significances for guiding the exploration, design, and construction of seepage wells.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（40972154）