针对某一水利工程中使用的双向止水铸铁闸门，利用ANSYS软件建立了三维有限元模型。在正、反向水头差均为10 m的工况下，采用传统的薄板强度理论计算方法与三维有限元法进行比较与分析，结果表明两种方法的计算结果存在较大差异，最大应力与变形的结果误差高达30%~50%，其中传统经验公式的计算结果相对保守，导致铸铁闸门的制造成本加大，特别是当反向水头作用下最大应力和变形不在同一位置时，更加凸现。研究发现，根据铸铁闸门材料自身抗压/抗拉强度以及闸门正/反向受力和变形的变化情况，来分析相关规范要求的强度与刚度允许值时，存在不足之处，因此本文对闸门布置型式和门体的截面尺寸提出优化方案，降低其制造成本。

A three-dimensional finite element model of cast iron gate in a hydraulic project was developed using ANSYS software. Under the working conditions that the forward and reverse head difference was 10 m, the maximum stress and deformation were calculated and analyzed using the thin plate theory and three-dimensional finite element method. The results showed that the errors of maximum stress and deformation are as high as 30%-50% for the two methods. The calculation results obtained from the traditional empirical formula were more conservative, which can cause the increasing of manufacturing cost of cast iron gate, especially when the maximum stress and deformation were not at the same place under reverse head. There were deficiencies in analyzing the allowable stress intensity and stiffness required by relative standards according to the compression/tensile strength of the cast iron gate material and the stress and deformation variations of gate under inverse/reverse force. In this paper, the optimization scheme of arrangement type and section size of the gate was proposed in order to reduce the manufacturing cost.

江苏省水利科技重点项目(2011072；2012028)