不平衡报价是一种公认的不正当投标报价手段，随着我国工程建设市场的竞争日益激烈，为实现中标盈利，不平衡报价现象时常发生，甚至已成为企业投标报价的重要手段。不平衡报价对业主影响很大，招投标过程，采用不平衡报价的投标者一旦中标，必然会使业主遭受额外的损失。本文从投标单价出发，选取合适的评价基点，给出基于熵权和模糊综合评判的不平衡报价识别方法，并据此分析评价投标报价的不平衡性，通过案例分析表明，该方法能够较为客观准确地分析出各投标人投标报价的不平衡性，可以为业主评标决策提供依据。

Unbalanced bid is a recognized improper way in bids. With the increasing competition of construction market in our country, unbalanced bid often happens for the realization of the bid profitability, which has become an important means of bids for the enterprise. Unbalanced bid has a great influence on the owners. During the process of bidding, the bidder who takes advantage of the unbalanced bid once wins the bidding, which can cause the owners to suffer additional losses. In this paper, according to the unit bidding price and the appropriate evaluation basis, the recognition method of unbalanced bid based on entropy weight and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was proposed and used to analyze the imbalance of bidding. Application of the method to the case studies suggested that the method is more objective and accurate to analyze the imbalance of biddings of each bidder, which can provide basis for the owners to make decisions.

国家自然科学基金项目（71302191）