通过对一种自主原创的新型水锤泵的模型实验, 研究了空气罐的热力学过程及液位特性对水锤泵性能的影 响, 提出了分析空气罐气体热力学过程的系统辨识方法, 并通过对实测数据的系统辨识, 得到了影响气体热力学过 程的关键参数) 多变指数k 的变化规律。研究结果表明: 空气罐气体热力学过程的多变指数介于等温过程( k= 11 0) 与绝热过程( k= 11 4) 之间, 一般小于11 2, 并且随着扬程的增加而减小。输水阀关闭过程中, 空气罐内的水向 泵体回流, 使得扬水量减小, 因此, 改善输水阀的启闭特性, 减小回流量, 可提升水锤泵的性能。

Based on the ex per iments conducted on the independently innov ativ e hydraulic ram pump, t he impacts of cer tain key facto rs, such as thermodynamic pr ocess and water level fluctuatio n of the air chamber, on t he hydraulic ram pump wer e studied. The sy stem identificat ion method of the thermodynamic pro cess for the air chamber was pro po sed. With the sy stem ident ifica2 tion of the measur ed r esult s, the variation o f po ly tro pic ex po nent k w as analyzed. T he r esults show ed that t he polytr opic ex po2 nent k of the t hermodynamic pr ocess is betw een 1. 0, indicating the isot hermal pr ocess, and 1. 4, indicating the adiabat ic pro cess, and is usually less than 1. 2, which decreases w ith the increasing of the delivery head.When t he deliver y valve is closed, water in the air chamber can flow back into the pump body to lower the deliv ery flow . Thr ough the impr ovement of the o pen2close char2 acter istics of the deliver y v alv e, the backflow can be reduced and the hy dr aulic perfo rmance of the hydraulic ram pump can be pr omot ed.

国家自然科学基金项目( 51109230) ; 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室人才培育课题( 水实验室运行1404)