火核电行业是工业行业的第一用水大户, 掌握分析其用水特征是提高工业用水效率的前提, 对建设节水型社 会、落实最严格水资源管理制度具有非常重要的意义。数据包络分析法( DEA 模型) 是一种非参数前沿效率分析方 法, 结合我国火核电行业历年用水趋势和区域分布特征, 基于DEA 模型对火核电工业的用水特征进行了分析。结 果表明, 1999 年- 2011 年火核电行业的装机规模和用水量均呈显著增长趋势, 但近年来用水量逐渐趋于稳定; 由于 直流式火核电的比例逐渐降低, 火核电行业的整体用水效率逐步提高; 区域分布上, 火核电行业的用水效率基本呈 东南沿海向西北内陆逐渐升高的分布特征, 与我国水资源分布特点具有明显的对应关系。

T hermal and nuclear pow er industr y has the larg est w at er use in the indust rial sector . Knowledg e o f the w ater use char acter istics of t hermal and nuclea r power industry is the foundation o f improv ing w ater use efficiency, which is beneficial for the constr uctio n of wat er2saving society and the str ictest w ater resources manag ement system. Data env elo pment analysis( DEA) is a non2pa rametric fr ontier method, and it is used to analyze the w ater use characterist ics of thermal and nuclear power indust ry based o n t he w ater use trend and reg ional dist ributio n. The r esults show that( 1) the installed capacity scale and wat er use of thermal and nuclear power indust ry are increasing from 1999 to 2011; how ev er, water use is st eady w hile the installed capacity is st ill increasing in r ecent y ea rs; ( 2) water use efficiency of t hermal and nuclear power indust ry is improv ed because of the in2 cr easing of o nce2thro ug h coo ling pow er plants; and( 3) character istics o f w ater use efficiency increases g radually fr om the south2 east coastal area to the nor thwest inland area, w hich is similar to the distr ibut ion char acteristics o f water resources in China.

国家自然科学基金面上项目/ 基于二层结构的水量水质联合模拟调控模型研究0 ( 51279210)