基于莆田市各站点降水量资料, 采用Mann2Kendall 秩次相关法、Mann2Kendall 突变检验法以及Mo rlet 小波 分析法等, 从空间分布、变化趋势、突变性以及周期性等方面系统剖析了57 年来莆田市及各分区降水的时空演变规 律。结果表明: ( 1) 莆田市年降水量空间上呈现出由东南沿海向西北山区逐渐递增的分布规律, 57 年来绝大部分地 区年降水呈不显著增加趋势; ( 2) 降水年内分配不均, 而年际变化相对稳定, 莆田市及各区年降水大致经历了多雨2 少雨交替的5 个阶段, 且年降水量在1996 年- 1998 年和2003 年- 2004 年间表现出突变性; ( 3) 莆田市及各区年降 水均具有3 a、8 a、12 a、28 a 的主周期, 除忠门站的第一主周期为22 a 外, 其余第一主周期均为28 a。

Based o n the precipitat ion data of each weather statio n in Putian Cit y, t he spatial and tempo ral v ariat ions o f precipitat i2 o n w ere systematically analyzed fr om t he aspects o f spatial distributio n, var iatio n tr end, mutatio n and per iodicity using the meth2 o ds of M ann2Kendall rank cor relation metho d, Mann2Kendall mutation testt, and Mor let wav elet analysis. The results show ed that ( 1) the spatial distributio n o f annual precipitat ion shows an increasing tendency fr om the southeaster n co ast t o the no rth2 w estern mountains in Putian, and precipitation in most of the ar ea has an insig nificantly increasing t rend in the past 57 y ears; ( 2) the inter2annual pr ecipitatio n distr ibution is no t uniform w hile annual precipitat ion is relat ively stable, annual precipitatio n show s fiv e a lternative stages w ith mor e r ain and less r ain in each dist rict of Put ian, and annual pr ecipitation show s a mutatio n from 1996 to 1998 and from 2003 to 2004; and ( 3) annual precipitat ion in each dist rict of Putian show s primary per iodicities of 3 year s, 8 years, 12 y ea rs, and 28 y ears, and the first pr imar y per iodicity is 28 years for all the dist ricts ex cept fo r Zho ngmen sta2 tion, w hich has the fir st pr imary per io dicity o f 22 years.

水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目/ 水资源红线管理基础和监测统计考核体系研究0 ( 201301001) ; 国家自然科学基金项目 (51021066; 50939006; 51209224) ; 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室资助项目( 2013ZY02, 2013QN02) ; 国家重点基础研究 发展规划项目( 2006CB403404)