[关键词]
[摘要]
面向长距离输水工程快速应对油类突发水污染事件的需求, 以梯形输水明渠为例, 采取二维水动力和溢油数 值模拟以及物理模型试验相结合的手段, 开展溢油运移特性数值模拟与试验研究。研究成果表明: 由于梯形输水明 渠过流宽度上的流速分布变化较大, 油污染发生后, 油膜纵向长度取决于渠道中间流速, 其变化率可表达为渠道中 间流速的01 5 倍; 溢油位置、风场及渠道边坡系数对油膜纵向长度影响很小。研究结果可快速预测明渠溢油污染范 围, 为污染物的应急处置与调控提供技术支持。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
For t he need o f r apid r esponse to sudden o il pollutio n accidents in t he lo ng distance w ater tr ansfer pr oject, two2dimen2 sional hydro dynamic and oil spill numerical simulatio n and ex per imenta l model wer e emplo yed to investig ate the transpo rt char2 acter istics for oil spill in the tra pezoidal open channel. The r esult s indicated that due to the la rge var iatio n of velocity distr ibution at the hor izo nta l cro ss2section of the trapezo idal open channel, the longitudinal leng th o f oil slick depends on the middle velocity of open channel after sudden o il pollutio n accidents, and it s va riation rate is 01 5 times o f t he middle v elo city and less affected by the o il2spilled lo cation, w ind, and slope co efficient. The r esult s can pr edict the o il spill sco pe quickly and pro vide technical sup2 po rt fo r the emerg ency disposal and regulation.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家重大科技专项基金资助项目( 2012ZX07205005) ; 高等学校学科创新引智计划资助( B14012) ; 天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究 计划自然科学基金重点项目( 13JCZDJC36200)