根据西安市区地下水位监测资料, 分析了地下位动态变化特征, 并以水文地质分区为单元, 对水位动态的影响 因素( 降水和开采) 进行了研究。结果表明: 1965 年- 2010 年西安市地下水位整体呈下降趋势; 降水量对地下水位 的影响主要体现在丰水年水位回升或下降速率减缓, 枯水年水位下降速率加剧, 不同水文地质分区水位变化与降水 量变化的相关程度不同; 开采量对地下水位的影响体现在随着开采量增加, 地下水位下降, 但同样的开采量下, 各个 水文地质分区水位下降幅度不同; 最后, 运用灰色关联度分析水位变化的主导因素, 结果表明, 地下水开采是西安市 区地下水位变化的主导因素。

Acco rding t o the gr oundw ater lev el mo nitor ing data, here w e analy zed the dynamic v ariat ion features of g ro undwater lev el in Xican City and studied its influence facto rs, such as pr ecipitatio n and exploitat ion in differ ent hydro geolog ical ar eas. The results show ed that the g roundw ater lev el in Xican Cit y w as o n the decline dur ing 1965~ 2010. The dynamic changes of gr ound2 w ater affected by precipitation mainly reflected in that g ro undwater level fell slow ly o r raised in wet years, but fell r apidly in dry year s; the incr eased ex ploitat ion of g roundw ater led to a dr op o f g roundw ater lev el, but under the same ex ploitatio n, the dr op amplitude o f gr oundw ater lev el in differ ent hydro geolog ical ar eas behav ed differently. Finally, ex ploitatio n is ident ified as the main influence factor s for changes of g ro undwater level by using g rey r elational analy sis.

中国地质调查局地质调查项目( 12120113004800) ; 陕西省自然科学基金( 2014JM1030)