土壤水的多尺度观测与模拟是当前国内外研究的热点问题。探地雷达作为一种测量土壤含水量的现代先进技术，填补了传统测量方法与遥感方法之间的尺度缺口，国内外大量研究表明：应用探地雷达测量土壤含水量的精度较高，测量速度快，无需破坏土壤结构，作为一种田间尺度的测量方法在测量中、小尺度土壤水空间分布特征等方面具有独特优势，通过不同频率的选定能够测量深度为0.05 m至50 m的土壤含水量。对探地雷达测量土壤水的主要方法、原理、精度及优缺点等进行详尽介绍，并讨论探地雷达的测量深度和尺度特征等问题。探地雷达在遥感反演土壤水模型率定与精度验证方面比TDR、烘干法更有优势，有潜力应用于遥感产品验证、土壤水模式时间稳定性分析等其他水文相关应用中，本文为相关研究和探地雷达测量土壤水方法的推广提供理论参考

Multi-scale observation and simulation of soil water is a hot research topic worldwide. Ground penetrating radar (GPR), as a modern technology for measuring soil water content, has filled in the scale gap between the traditional measuring method and the remote sensing method. Domestic and foreign research has showed that GPR is highly precise and fast for the measurement of soil water content, and does not destroy the soil structure. As a field-scale measurement method, it plays a unique role in determining the spatial distribution of meso- and micro-scale soil water at the depth of 0.05 m to 50 m. GPR has more advantages than TDR in precision verification and calibration of remote sensing retrieval model for soil water, and has the potential to be applied in remote sensing product validation and other hydrological applications. This paper can provide theoretical reference for related research and promotion of soil water measurement method by GPR.

国家自然科学基金（51609259）；国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0400106-2）；中国水利水电科学研究院专项(JZ0145B472016)