过量开采地下水造成的地面沉降问题已经是北京市平原区主要的地质灾害之一。论文选择小汤山和后沙峪地区为典型研究区，通过分析研究区基岩水开发利用状况，开展基岩水开采引起地面沉降的研究。运用简化的弹性模型评估基岩水开采造成的弹性变形量，结果表明从1974年截至2010年，小汤山地区地热田总净开采量约9400万m3，引起的地面弹性变形量约为1.02 cm；小汤山地区岩溶水年均开采3000万m3，年均形变量约0.32 cm。后沙峪地区通过估算获得近似值，1961年－2011年期间由于第四系地下水的开采造成的基岩变形量约为1.09 cm。

Land subsidence induced by excessive groundwater withdrawal has constituted a major environmental geological problem in Beijing’s plain areas. This paper selected Xiaotangshan and Houshayu areas as typical research areas. By analyzing the development and utilization of bedrock water, we carried out research on the land subsidence induced by bedrock water exploitation. A simplified elastic model was used to assess the amount of elastic deformation caused by bedrock water exploitation. The results showed that from 1974 to 2010, the total exploitation of Xiaotangshan geothermal field was about 94 million cubic meters and the exploitation led to about 1.02 cm elastic deformation; the exploitation of Xiaotangshan karst water reached 30 million cubic meters annually, causing an average annual deformation of about 0.32 cm. Approximate values of the Houshayu area was obtained through estimation, and the accumulated elastic deformation caused by Quaternary groundwater exploitation was about 1.09 cm in the period from 1961 to 2011.