基于2005-2014年西安市城市用水和经济社会发展的数据，运用信息熵和灰色关联分析法，从时间序列上对西安市城市经济发展和用水结构之间的相互关系进行了实证分析。研究结果表明：西安市用水结构信息熵不断增长，单一用水类型的优势性减弱，系统均衡性增强，用水结构趋于合理化；西安市城市经济发展与用水结构之间的关联度都在0.45以上，说明二者存在很大的相关性；城市经济与用水结构的耦合度分布在0.6-1之间，表明城市经济发展与用水结构交互耦合比较紧密；针对西安市水源利用的供需矛盾，可采取相应的措施加以控制，节水技术的创新与推广使用是关键。

Based on the water consumption data and economic and social development data of Xi’an City during 2005-2014, the relationship between urban economic development and water consumption structure was analyzed using information entropy and grey correlation method in terms of the time series. The results showed that: the information entropy of Xi’an water structure was growing; the advantage of a single water-consumption type was weakening; and the system balance was improving. The water consumption structure was becoming more reasonable. The correlation coefficients between the economic development and water structure of Xi’an were all above 0.45, suggesting significant correlations. The coupling degrees between urban economy and water structure were between 0.6 and 1, indicating a relatively close interactive coupling between urban economic development and water consumption structure. We suggest taking corresponding measures to control and ensure the balance between water supply and demand in Xi’an, and the key to doing so is to create and promote water-saving technologies.

国家自然科学基金项目(51279006,51479003)