随着我国蓄能机组的大量投运，水力激振所引发的机组稳定性问题日益严重。针对蓄能机组泵工况运行时的水力激振问题，本文采用现场试验手段获得了额定转速下蓄能机组调相压水工况与稳定泵水工况运行时的机组振动、摆度数据，采用频谱对比分析方法，研究了两种工况下各稳定性测点频谱，通过频谱中频率成分的变化，指出了不同部位测点中频率成分存在的差异。分析结果表明：承受垂直载荷部件振动幅值水泵工况较调相工况略有增大趋势；112.5Hz动静干涉频率成分主要在机组垂直振动方向上传播，且逐渐衰减；水力干扰导致泵工况部分测点的频率成分中增加了叶片通过频率56.25Hz和动静干涉频率112.5Hz，但频率成分的增加并不一定引起机组振动与摆度混频幅值的增大；由于机组振动中261Hz等高频成分的出现，未来厂房与机组的动力分析报告中应包含高频成分，并进行复核。本次观测为转轮设计及研发人员提供了翔实参考数据。

With a large number of pumped storage units put into operation, the stability problem of the unit caused by hydraulic vibration becomes serious. In this paper, we conducted field tests to obtain the unit vibration and run-out data of pumped storage units running at rated speed in both synchronous-condenser-as-pump (SCP) mode and pump operation (PO) mode. We used the frequency spectrum comparison analysis method to study the frequency spectrum of each measuring point in the two modes, and found differences in the frequency components of different measuring points. The results indicated that the vibration amplitude of the unit parts sustaining vertical load was larger in PO mode than in SCP mode. The 112.5Hz rotor-stator interaction frequency component mainly propagated vertically, and it was attenuated in the propagation. At some measuring points in PO mode, hydraulic interaction added runner blade passing frequency 56.25Hz and rotor-stator interaction frequency 112.5Hz to the frequency components. However, the addition of frequency components did not necessarily cause an increase in the mixed frequency amplitude of unit vibration and run-out. Since high frequencies such as 261Hz emerged in unit vibration, the dynamic analysis report of power houses and units should include higher frequencies in the future. This investigation provided detailed data for the runner research and design engineers.

国家自然科学基金（51309258），国家电网公司科技项目（52573016001G，52573015000R）