针对涉水建筑物的调度运行影响河道行洪能力的现象，构建基于Saint-Venant方程组的一维水动力模型，并由Abbott六点隐式有限差分法近似求解方程组。利用实测断面数据对模型进行了等间距插值加密，根据建筑物实际属性结合模型计算要求，对阻水建筑物进行了概化处理。在河道工况复杂的清水河固原城区段的应用结果显示，该模型较为准确地模拟了橡胶坝及过水路面对河道洪水演进的影响，体现了挡水建筑物的过流阻水效果。模拟结果不仅可用于校核河道防洪设计标准，而且对相关部门采取防洪决策也具有一定参考价值。

This study focused on the impact of the scheduling and operation of water-related structures on the flood discharge capacity of the river. We constructed a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on the Saint-Venant equations and used the Abbott six implicit finite difference method to approximately solve the equations. The measured cross-sectional data were used for equal-interval interpolation of the model. The water-blocking structures were generalized according to the actual attributes of the structure and the calculation requirements of the model. The model was applied to the Guyuan City section of Qingshui river, where the river conditions were complicated. This model could simulate rather accurately the impact of the rubber dam and water-crossing roads on the flood evolution of the river, and reflected the water-blocking effect of water-blocking structures. The simulation results can be used to check the flood control design standards for rivers, and have certain reference value for the relevant departments to make flood control decisions.

国家重点研发计划资助项目（2017YFC0405601）；高等学校学科创新引智计划（B14012）；国家自然基金委创新团队（51621092）