平原灌区水文过程受人类开采灌溉影响较大, 地表水与地下水物质能量交换频繁, 单目标率定方法难以同时有效模拟该区流量和地下水埋深过程。对此, 在新安江模型基础上加入地下水蓄水库, 构建地表-地下水耦合模型, 建立包含流量与地下水埋深信息的多目标函数。采用 MCAT 分析流量和埋深单目标以及多目标下的参数敏感性, 用 SCE-UA 算法率定遴选出的敏感参数, 比较单目标和多目标率定结果。结果表明, 该多目标参数优化方法显著 提高了工作效率, 解决了单目标率定中无法同时达到流量与地下水埋深过程模拟高精度的问题。模型在临涣集流域的耦合模拟中取得较好效果, 为平原灌区地表水与地下水动态模拟和水资源评价提供参考。

In plain irrigatio n areas, human exploitation and irrigation have a great impact on local hydrological processes, and material and energy exchange frequently between surface flow and groundwater. In these areas, single-objective calibration methods cannot effectively simulate river discharge and groundwater depth at the same time. Therefore, we established a surface-groundwater coupling model based on Xin'anjiang model combined with a groundwater reservoir, and we built a multi-objective function containing discharge and groundw- ater data. Then we used SCE-UA to calibrate the sensitive parameters selected by MCAT and we compared the results of single-objec- tive and multi-objective calibration. Results showed that the multi-objective calibration method used in this study worked more efficiently than many former ones. It can effectively and accurately simulate discharge and water level simultaneously. The coupling model does well in simulating the hydrological processes in Linhuanji catchment. It can provide reference for surface-groundwater dynamic simulation and water resources assessment in plain irrigation areas.

国家自然科学基金重大项目( 51190091)