水储量是反映区域水资源变化和水量平衡的重要指标, 重力反演与气候实验( GRACE) 卫星数据为大尺度的水储量变化评估提供了数据支撑。应用 2003- 2015 年的 GRACE RL05 时变重力场数据并结合地面实测资料, 研究柴达木盆地的水储量时空变化特征及其归因。结果表明: 13 年间柴达木盆地水储量变化呈上升趋势, 月平均上升速度约0. 26 mm; 多年平均水储量变化幅度由南向北增量递减, 变化幅度 8. 29~ 69. 38 mm; 研究区水储量增加与降水量增多的趋势一致。基于 GRACE 时变重力场反演水储量的方法, 为西北资料稀缺地区的水储量变化评估提供了重要支撑。

The terrest rial water storage( TWS) is an important indicator of regional water resources changes and water balance. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment ( GRACE) offers the data fo r research of variation in large-scale TWS. In this paper, we used the data of GRACE RL05 and the in-situ dataset to discover the spatial and temporal variation of TWS and its causes during 2003-2015 in the Qaidam Basin. The results showed that the variation of TWS showed an upward trend, with an ascending velocity of about 0.26 mm permonth. The multi year average increment of TWS gradually declined from the south to the north, and it ranged bet ween 8.29-69. 38 mm. The rise of TWS was consistent with the ascending trend of precipitation in the study area. The method based on GRACE data to calculate TWS can provide animportant support for the assessment of TWS variation in data-scarce region in the northwest of China.

“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目( 2017YFC 0403600) ; 国家电网青海科技项目( 52283014000T)