利用 2003- 2014 年 GRACE 时变重力场数据反演黄淮海地区水储量变化, 并与同期降水数据比较, 分析其年际与年内变化特征, 结果表明: 时间上, 2003- 2014 年黄淮海地区水储量呈现下降趋势, 下降速率约 0.42 mm/ 月, 其子流域海河和淮河流域下降速率分别为 0.52 mm/月和 0.28 mm/月; 年内仅 2 月、9 月和 12 月水储量盈余, 9 月水储量最大, 为 9.86 mm, 6 月水储量达到最大盈亏量, 约 56.65 mm; 空间上, 水储量变化整体上由南往北递减, 海河流域水储量较淮河流域亏损严重, 但随季节变化水储量亏损状态由南向北得到缓解, 到冬季水储量呈现盈余; 水 储量空间变化主要受降雨影响, 同时还受区域农业布局和作物灌溉影响。GRACE 数据可为黄淮海地区水储量变化研究带来便利, 为区域水资源的科学管理和规划提供依据。

We obtained the variation of water storage in Huang-Huai-Hai area from 2003 to 2014 by using the monthly gravity field dat a from GRACE satellite data. Then we compared it with the precipitation data in the same period to analyze its interannual and annual temporal and spatial variation characteristics. The results indicated that: temporally , the water storage in the Huang-Huai-Hai area decreased by 0.42 mm/month in 2003-2014, and that in Haihe and Huaihe river sub-basins decreased by 0.52 mm/ month and 0.28 mm/ month respectively. Within a year, the water storage was in surplus only in February,September and December, reaching the maximum in September to 9.86mm; the maximum water deficit occurred in June at 56.65 mm. Spatially, the water storage decreased from south to north. The water deficit in Haihe river basin was more serious than that in Huaihe river basin. But as the season changes, the water deficit was relieved from south to north, and switched to surplus in winter. The spatial variation of water storage was mainly affected by precipitation, and also affected by regional agricultural layout and crop irrigation. GRACE data can facilitate the study of water storage variation in the Huang-Huai-H ai area and can provide basis for the scientific management and planning of regional water resources.

国家重点研发计划“水资源高效开发利用”专项( 2016YFC0402706) ; 国家自然科学基金项目( 41471016 ) ; 公益性行业(气象) 科研专项项目( GYH Y201406021)