以额济纳三角洲2011年生态输水期间（4月）和生态输水间歇期（8月）两次巡测水样的水化学数据为基础，运用Kriging插值、Piper图等方法，综合分析单次生态输水情况下额济纳三角洲河岸带、戈壁带和农田绿洲区浅层地下水化学特征变化及其主要影响因素。结果表明：与4月相比，8月研究区浅层地下水化学类型未发生明显改变，但TDS（总溶解固体）(2 211.7～2 974.3 mg/L)、总硬度（251.5～357.3 mg/L）以及各主要离子含量显著增加，空间变异系数增大（112.6～157.5）；空间上，地下水化学表现出明显的变化特征，沿地下水径流方向，地下水TDS由小于1 000 mg/L增高到大于3 000 mg/L，垂直河道方向，距河道一定距离存在TDS峰值带；额济纳三角洲浅层地下水化学特征的影响因素主要包括潜水蒸散发、生态输水和抽水灌溉等。

Based on hydrochemistry data of water samples collected during the ecologic water conveyance period in April and the intermission period in August, 2011 from fourteen observation wells in the Ejina Delta, the water chemistry characteristics of shallow groundwater and their controlling factors were analyzed synthetically with the influence of single ecological water conveyance in the riparian zone, gobi desert, and farmland-oasis area using the methods of Kriging interpolation and piper diagram. The results indicated that (1) the shallow groundwater hydrochemistry type did not change significantly between April and August in the Ejina Delta, but the TDS (total dissolved solids) (2211.7 to 2974.3 mg/L), total hardness（251.5 to 357.3 mg/L）, and average content of main ions increased significantly from April to August, along with considerable increasing of space variation coefficient （112.6 to 157.5）; (2) shallow groundwater chemistry showed spatial variation with the increasing of TDS from less than 1000 mg/L to more than 3000 mg/L along the direction of groundwater flow and the existence of peak strip of TDS at a certain distance from the river; and (3)the main controlling factors for the shallow groundwater chemistry in the Ejina Delta included evapotranspiration, river water filtration, and groundwater pumping and irrigation.

国家重点基础研究发展计划（973）项目(2009CB-421305)；国家自然科学基金重大研究计划培育项目(91025023)