本文在概括和总结土壤水分的入渗过程的研究概况的基础上，从初始土壤含水率土壤水分的空间变异性及水文模型中土壤水分数据的应用等三个方面讨论了土壤水分变化对降雨产流过程的影响研究进展，对土壤水分变化及降水产流过程研究中存在的问题及研究方向进行了概括和总结；土壤水分的时空变异性研究是当前流域降水产流及水文模拟研究中的热点和难点，而通过不同的试验观测和模拟方法来分析土壤水分的实时动态变化过程及对壤中流、优先流等产流的响应也是未来水文学研究的重点。

Based on the current research situation of soil water infiltration characteristics, the research progress of impacts of soil moisture variation on rainfall runoff was discussed from three aspects, including the initial moisture content, spatial variation of soil moisture, and application of soil moisture data in hydrological model. The existing problems and research direction of soil moisture variation and rainfall runoff were discussed. The spatial and -temporal variations of soil moisture were the hot and important research topics in the study of rainfall-runoff and its model simulation. The real-time variation of soil moisture obtained from different experimental measurements and model simulations and its response to subsurface flow and preferential flow are the important research aspects in future hydrology study.

中国水利水电科学研究院科研专项（1232）；水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室开放研究基金（2011490511）