通过试验确定合理的冬小麦灌溉制度, 可以达到节水、增产、环保的效果。在河北省平原区进行冬小麦合理灌 溉制度的试验, 灌溉制度试验设定4 个处理进行对比, 在足墒播种的情况下, 灌溉定额分别为春季灌900 m3 / hm2 、 2 250 m3 / hm2 、2 700 m3 / hm2 、3 600 m3 / hm2 。根据示范区实验数据说明, 在河北省中南部平原区, 冬小麦合理灌溉 定额在2 250~ 2 700 m3 / hm2 范围内, 产量较高。在灌溉定额为2 250 m3 / hm2 时, 可分别在小麦拔节、开花和灌浆 期分3 次灌溉, 灌水定额为750 m3/ hm2; 灌溉定额为2 700 m3 / hm2 时, 可分别在小麦拔节、开花期分2 次灌溉, 灌 水定额为1 350 m3 / hm2 。通过试验, 合理确定河北平原区冬小麦合理灌溉制度, 为农田合理灌溉、农业节水、增产 增收提供科学依据。

A reasonable ir rigation sy stem of w inter w heat determined by experiments can achiev e t he effects o f water sav ing, in2 cr eased pr oduction, and environmental pr otection. Ex per iment s on r easo nable ir rigation system of winter w heat in H ebei pla in wer e co nducted, and fo ur ir rigation treatments wer e com par ed under the co ndition o f sufficient seeds, w hich included the ir rig a2 tion quota o f 900 m3 / hm2, 2 250 m3 / hm2 , 2 700 m3 / hm2 , and 3 600 m3 / hm2 in spr ing. The results showed t hat in the plains of centr al and so uther n H ebei Pro vince, r easo nable ir rigation quo ta of winter w heat is in the range of 2 250 to 2 700 m3 / hm2 to generate hig her yield. Fo r the ir rigation quo ta o f 2250 m3 / hm2 , t hr ee irr igat ions can be applied to the wheat joint ing st age, flow er ing stage, and filling stage w ith each o f 750 m3 / hm2 . For the ir rigation quota of 2 700 m3 / hm2 , two irr igat ions can be applied to the w heat jo inting stag e and flow er ing stage w ith each of 1 350 m3 / hm2 . Det erminatio n o f r easo nable irr ig ation sys2 tem of w int er wheat in H ebei plain thro ug h the ex periments can pr ov ide the scientific basis for reasonable irr igat ion, ag ricultural water2sav ing, and increasing pr oductio n.

“十一五”国家科技支撑计划课题( 2006BAD11B0922)