为了研究人工海岛地区低影响开发( LID) 方案设计对削减径流污染的效果和通过设置不同的 LID 设施增大 雨水下渗从而降低土壤盐分的影响, 利用暴雨径流管理模型 SWMM, 设计不同目标导向的 LID 方案。通过 SWMM 模型中的水质模块分析研究径流污染削减效果, 通过建立 SWMM 模型模拟后的雨水下渗量与地下水潜水 层下层水位之间的函数关系对模型中的压盐效果进行分析。结果表明, 应根据 LID 设施的适建范围充分利用各类 用地。绿色屋顶对屋面径流污染具有较好的削减作用, 生态草沟对道路径流污染有较好削减作用, 透水铺装增加雨 水下渗以及压盐效果最优, 另外设置具有错峰排水功能的雨水罐可取得较好的下渗效果, 旨在为人工海岛雨水资源 利用规划提供决策依据。

In order to study the effects of low impact development ( LID) design on runoff pollution reduction and the effects of increasing rainwater infiltration by LID facilities on soil desalination in artificial island area, we designed LID configurations for different goals using the rainfall-runoff management model - SWMM. We investigated the runoff pollution reduction effect using the water quality model in SWMM. The salt suppression effect in the model was evaluated in terms of the relationship between infiltration amount and shallow water table. The results showed that the LID facilities have a significant impact on pollution reduction. Green roof performs well in reducing runoff pollution from the roofs. Ecological grass swale has a good effect on reducing the road runoff pollution. Permeable pavement is the best at increasing rainwater infiltration and reducing soil salinity. Rainwater tank with off-peak drainage function has a good infiltration effect. This paper provides a decision-making basis for planning the use of LID for water resources management on artificial islands.

“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目( 2017YFC 0406005)