为了更好的指导天山西部山区冰雪水资源的开发利用, 对其雪线变化规律的研究有至关重要的作用。借助 2000- 2016 年 MODIS 数据、DEM 数据以及 1959- 2015 年气象数据, 采用遥感监测雪线法、气候雪线法、雪线场法, 对喀什河流域雪线时空变化规律进行分析研究, 结果表明: (1) 基于遥感监测雪线法可以看出, 研究区多年平均 8 日、年均雪线均呈上升趋势; 在季节尺度上, 春季和冬季雪线呈上升趋势, 秋季和夏季雪线呈下降趋势; 结合气候数据可知, 年均雪线对降水有较好响应, 春季雪线对气温有较好响应; (2) 基于气候雪线法可以看出, 气候雪线要高于遥感监测雪线, 仅从气候角度分析, 气候变化导致雪线逐年呈上升趋势; (3) 采用雪线场分析可看出, 雪线场的雪线分布主要受地形影响, 以 2000 m 高度为界限, 其上下两部分雪线场对降水有不同的响应。

In order to better guide the development and utilization of ice and snow resources in western Tianshan mountains, it is of great importance to study the law of snowline change. With the help of the MODIS datafrom 2000 to 2016, the weather datafrom 1959 to 2015, and the DEM data, west udied the temporal and spatial variation of the snowline in Kashi river basin by using the remote sensing snowline method, the climate snowline method, and the fields of snowline altitude method. The results are as follows: (1) According to the remote sensing snowline method, the multi-year average (8 days) and the annual average snowline showed a rising tendency in the resear charea; on the seasonal scale, the snowline showed a rising tendency in spring and winter, and showed a declining tendency in autumn and summer. Based on the climatic data, the annual average snowline had a good response to precipitation, and the spring snowline had a good response to temperature. (2) According to the climate snowline method, the climate snowline was higher than the remote sensing snowline. From the climate perspective, the climate change caused the snowline to increase year by year. (3) It is shown from the analysis of the fields of snowline altitude that the distribution of the snowline is mainly influenced by to pography. With the 2000m height as the dividing line, the two parts of the fields of snowline altitude have different responses to precipitation.

国家自然科学基金( 51469034; 51209181; 51569031)