氧化石墨烯作为一种新型纳米材料在水处理领域受到了人们的广泛关注, 由于其具有较大的比表面积, 丰富 的含氧官能团, 良好的亲水性, 独特的物理结构, 使其可吸附水中的重金属离子, 且吸附能力超过诸多目前常用的吸 附剂。但同时由于氧化石墨烯结构和性质的原因, 限制了其在水处理领域中的发展, 为了解决这个问题, 可通过氧 化石墨烯与其他物质结合形成氧化石墨烯复合物。介绍了氧化石墨烯的结构和性质, 以及其对水中重金属离子的 吸附机制及受控的影响因素; 同时, 也综述了氧化石墨烯复合物对水中重金属离子的吸附机制, 以及其解吸与重 复利用能力; 此外, 对氧化石墨烯及其复合物作为吸附剂去除水中重金属离子的应用潜力进行了总结和展望。

Gr aphene ox ide has attr acted w idespread attent ion in wat er treatment field as a new nanomaterial. Because of its larg e specific surface area, abundant ox yg en2co nta ining functional g roups, ex cellent hy dr ophilia, and unique physical str ucture, it can adsor b heavy metal ions f rom w ater and its adso rption capacity is better than many kinds o f common adsorbents. H ow ever, its st ructur e and pr operty hav e limited its develo pment in w ater tr eat ment field. This pr oblem can be solv ed by combining gr aphene ox ide and other materials to form g raphene ox ide composit es. This review intro duces the str ucture and pr operty o f g raphene ox2 ide, its adso rption mechanism fo r heavy meta l io ns in wat er and the influence factors. At the same time, this review summarizes the adsor ption mechanism of g raphene ox ide composit es for heav y metal ions in w ater and its deso rption and reg ener atio n abili2 ties. In additio n, it summarizes and predicts the applicatio n po tential o f g raphene o xide and its compo sites as adso rbents to re2 mo ve heav y metal io ns from wat er.

中国地质科学院基本科研业务费项目( SK201611) ; 中国地质大调查项目( DD20160309) ; 国家自然科学基金( 41502336)