新疆库尔勒市地下水超采严重，造成区域地下水位持续下降、孔雀河沿岸植被稀疏、局部地下水水质劣化等一系列环境地质问题，严重制约着当地经济的发展和人类的生产生活。针对这一问题，对库尔勒市地下水动态监测数据进行分析，并采用水位动态法、开采系数法、引发问题法等3种不同的方法对超采区进行评价。研究表明,库尔勒市地下水埋深呈逐年增大趋势，2003-2017年地下水位统测点水位下降速率最大达5-33 m/a，乡级行政区地下水开采系数最大高达6-18。库尔勒市地下水超采区总面积为819-86 km2，其中严重超采区面积为709-98 km2，一般超采区面积为109-88 km2。同时提出科学合理的地下水压采方案和措施，为库尔勒市水资源的合理利用、干旱区绿洲城市的地下水研究提供指导意义。

The over exploitation of groundwater has resulted in a series of environmental and geological problems,such as,the decline regional groundwater level,sparse vegetation along the Peacock river,and deterioration of water quality.It seriously limited the local economic development and human production and life in Korla city,Xinjiang.The dynamic monitoring data of groundwater in Korla city was used in this study to address this over exploitation problem with three methods,i.e.,water level dynamics method,exploitation coefficient method and cause effect method.It was founded that the buried depth of groundwater in Korla city increased with time.The maximum descending rate of groundwater level was 5-33 m/a from 2003 to 2017,and the maximum exploitation coefficient was 6-18 among all townships.The total over-exploitation areas of groundwater in Korla city was 819-86 km2,including severe over exploitation area of 709-98 km2 and moderate over exploitation areas of 109-88 km2.The scientific based and rational exploitation control plans and countermeasures were proposed to provide guidance for the rational utilization of water resources of groundwater of oasis cities in arid.

国家自然科学基金 新疆自治区人民政府联合基金（U1403282）