为研究采煤塌陷裂缝对土壤水分的影响，选取了阜新塌陷区为研究区，应用系统聚类、Mann-Kendall秩次相关检验法及多元线性回归等数理统计的方法，研究了塌陷裂缝不同深度的土壤容重变化特征，分析了塌陷裂缝尺度、距裂缝距离和土壤含水率的关系。研究结果表明，研究区土壤容重随着埋深线性增大，且容重的变化幅度具有明显的突变点，连通裂缝、隐伏裂缝和非塌陷区的突变点位置分别为50 cm、70 cm和150 cm；同一尺度不同深度裂缝处，裂缝宽度对土壤含水率的影响随深度的增加而减小；在同裂缝同深度情况下，随着与裂缝距离的增加土壤含水率越高，至2 m后影响不明显。裂缝尺度影响了土壤含水量的空间分布特征，裂缝尺度的增大使得土壤含水率平均偏差增大。

The variation characteristics of soil bulk density at different depths of collapse fissures is studied at Fuxin in this study in order to quantify the effects of coal mining subsidence on soil moisture. The relationships between the width of the collapse fracture,the distance from the crack and the water content of the soil were explored with hierarchical clustering,the Mann-Kendall rank correlation and the multiple linear regression.The results indicate that the soil bulk density increases linearly with the depth in the study area,and there are obvious changing points.The locations of these changing points of connected cracks,concealed cracks and non-collapse areas are 50 cm,70 cm and 150 cm,respectively.The effects of crack width on soil water content decrease with the depth at different depth cracks with the same width.Under the condition of the same crack and depth,the soil moisture content will then increases with the distance from the crack.The crack width obviously enhance the soil moisture content,and an increase in the crack width usually leads to an increase of the average soil moisture content.

国家自然科学基金（51404134）；水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室(水利部南京水文水资源研究所;河海大学)开放课题基金（2017490611）