明确不同地区地下水污染的组分和成因，可为针对性的制定地下水资源管理制度、改善水质提供保障。由于城区和郊县经济发展水平和地下水资源开发利用模式差别较大，水污染程度和污染组分可能存在较大差异。以郑州市的金水区和巩义为例，运用主成分分析法对两者地下水污染状况进行评价。结果表明：巩义市地下水主要污染组分以硝酸盐等有机污染物为主，金水区以硫酸盐、氨氮等有机污染物为主。造成这种现象的主要原因是巩义市工矿企业、农田较多，金水区农田、工矿企业较少而生活污水排放比重较大。根据两个地区不同的地下水污染状况和成因，就地下水资源保护和管理提出针对性的建议。

Clarification of pollutant compositions and pollution sources of groundwater in different areas can provide solid foundation for formulating specific groundwater resources management system and improving water quality.Because of significant differences in economic development level and groundwater resources development/utilization pattern,degree of water pollution and pollution compositions may vary greatly between urban areas and suburbs.Taking Jinshui District and Gongyi County of Zhengzhou for case study,the status of groundwater pollution in two regions is evaluated by applying principal component analysis.The results show that nitrate is the dominant pollutant in Gongyi,while sulfate and ammonia nitrogen are the dominant pollutants in Jinshui,resulting from more discharges from industrial and mining enterprises and farmlands in Gongyi,and more domestic sewages in Jinshui.In view of the different groundwater pollution statuses and sources in two regions,specific suggestions on protection and management of the groundwater resources are put forward.

国家自然科学基金（51609216）