蘑菇湖水库是典型的西北干旱区山前洪积扇平原水库，水质长期处于严重污染状态，在污染源调查和污染负荷估算的基础上，基于SMS水质模型对不同规划年份的蘑菇湖水库水质进行模拟，通过得出的各类污染物浓度场分布特征及演变趋势，分析水库水环境容量，并针对性地提出了污染负荷削减总量的防治方案。结果表明，目前蘑菇湖水环境持续恶化为劣Ⅴ类水体，为保障未来年份蘑菇湖水库水质的提升和改善，必须削减流域内污染物的排放量。污染物浓度场模拟结果显示，控制南部的上游入库口污染物排入是蘑菇湖水库主要污染负荷削减的关键。根据削减后污染物浓度场分布预测，可以看出水质的明显改善，说明污染控制方案有效。

The Moguhu reservoir is a typical piedmont alluvial fan plain reservoir situated in the arid area of Northwest China.The water quality of Moguhu reservoir has been seriously polluted for a long time.Based on the pollution source survey and estimation of pollution load,the water quality of Moguhu reservoir was simulated by using SMS water quality model in different planning years.The water environmental capacity of the reservoir was analyzed through the distribution characteristics and evolution trends of various pollutant concentrations.The prevention and control plan for the total amount of pollution load reduction was proposed in a targeted manner.The results showed that water quality of the Moguhu reservoir continued to deteriorate into a worse than Grade V.To ensure the improvement of the water quality of the Moguhu reservoir in the future,it is necessary to reduce the discharge of pollutants in the watershed.The simulation results of the pollutant concentration field showed that controlling the upstream inlet port of the south was the key to the main pollution load reduction of the Moguhu reservoir.According to the prediction of the pollutant distribution concentration field after reduction,the water quality was obviously improved which indicated that the pollution control scheme was effective.

国家自然科学基金新疆联合基金( U1803244) ; 国家重点研发计划水资源高效利用专项( 2017YFC0404304)