水资源开发利用程度评估与分析研究对于区域水利规划和水资源管理具有实践指导意义。三江平原作为国 家商品粮生产基地, 具有保障国家粮食安全的重要作用, 同时, 水资源开发利用问题与供需矛盾也日益凸显。为了 定量研究三江平原水资源开发利用状况与态势, 运用基于变异系数和相对熵改进的 TOPSIS 方法, 对研究区水资源 开发利用程度进行了综合评价, 并对 1984- 2011 年研究区水资源开发利用程度变化特征及驱动因素进行了分析。 结果表明: 2011 年三江平原水资源开发利用程度处于中等水平, 东北部地区较高, 西南部地区较低; 2001 年是三江平 原水资源开发利用程度变化的时间节点, 2001- 2011 年十年间三江平原一半以上分区的水资源开发利用程度发展至 中等水平; 地下水资源开发利用和农业灌溉是三江平原及其大部分分区水资源开发利用程度变化的核心驱动因素, 鹤岗市、双鸭山市和佳木斯市是推动研究区水资源开发利用程度演变的主要分区; 相比 2011 年, 2017 年三江平原 水资源开发利用程度和关键驱动因素无明显变化。研究结果可为三江平原水资源可持续利用提供参考和借鉴。

Assessment and analysis of water r eso urces dev elopment and ut ilization lev el pr ov ide pr actical and sig nificance guid2 ance for regional w ater r eso urces planning and manag ement. Sanjiang Plain w hich is a national g rain pr oduction base play s an import ant r ole in ensuring national fo od securit y. On the other hand, w ater r eso ur ces dev elo pment and ut ilizat ion issues, and co nt radiction betw een supply and demand ar e prominent. To quantit at ively study the st at us and situation of water resources de2 v elo pment and ut ilizat ion, the impro ved T OPSIS metho d based on variance coefficient and r elative entr opy w as used to compre2 hensively evaluate the dev elo pment and utilization o f wat er r eso urces in the study ar ea. T he chang e char acteristics and driving facto rs o f water resources development and utilizatio n lev el in the study area from 1984 to 2011 w ere also analyzed. T he r esults show ed t hat the level o f water resources dev elo pment and utilizat ion in the Sanjiang Plain was mo derat e while hig her levels in the northeast a rea compared to southwest ar ea. The chang e t ime po int of w ater r eso ur ces develo pment and utilization lev el w as found in the year o f 2001 in the Sanjiang Plain. From 2001 to 2011, mo re than half subareas in the Sanjiang Plain develo ped to moder ate level. The gr oundw ater resource utilizatio n and agricultural irrigat ion w ere the cor e driv ing factors for the development and ut ilization of w ater r esources in Sanjiang Pla in. H eg ang cit y, Shuang yashan city, and Jiamusi city w er e the main subar eas that pr omoted the ut ilization and dev elo pment of w ater r eso ur ces in the study area. Compared to 2011, the wat er r eso ur ces de2 v elo pment and utilizat ion lev el and the key driving facto rs of t he reg ion had no fundamenta l chang es in 2017. The r esear ch re2 sults can pr ov ide r eferences for sustainable w ater r eso urces utilizatio n in the Sanjiang Plain.

黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划( UNPYSCT22017022)