湖泊水质状况是识别湖泊变化、评价湖泊健康的重要指标, 关系流域生态环境安全。以典型干旱内陆湖 泊) )) 乌伦古湖为研究对象, 采用改进综合水质指数法( WPASEQI) 并结合 GIS 技术对乌伦古湖湖区( 吉力湖、布 伦托海) 2017 年水质状况及空间分布规律进行研究。结果表明: ( 1) 乌伦古湖水质类别及状况为ó 类、轻度污染, 其 中, 吉力湖水质类别为ò 类, 布伦托海水质类别为ó 类, 水质空间分布特征表现出越靠近湖中心东部区域, 以及越远 离进水口区域水质污染越严重的基本规律; ( 2) 乌伦古湖水质污染关键超标因子为 COD、CODM n、T N、TP、氟化物, 其空间分布特征表现为, COD、CODM n与氟化物指标浓度空间分布规律大致相似, 呈现出吉力湖优于布伦托海、进水 口优于湖心区的空间分布特征; TN、TP 指标浓度变化差异较小, 大体呈现出进水口优于湖心区、布伦托海西部优于 东部的特征; ( 3) 富营养物、有机物以及无机物是乌伦古湖水质主要污染来源, 气候变化与人类活动是导致湖泊水质 进一步恶化的驱动力。

The status o f lake water quality is an important index to identify and to eva luate the lake changes and the lake health, which is directly r elated t o the eco lo gical env ir onment security of the basin. By taking , Ulungur Lake which is a ty pical arid in2 land lake as the research object to study the status o f water qualit y and the spatial distributio n laws in Ulung ur Lake area ( Jili Lake and Buluntuo Lake) fo r t he year of 2017 using impro ved comprehensive w ater quality index ( WPASEQI) and GIS technol2 o gy . The main conclusions of this study are as fo llow s; ( 1) water quality of the Ulungur Lake was classified in thir d nat ional standard and less polluted. Amo ng them, wat er qualif y of the Jili Lake w as classif ied into the second standar d of the surface w a2 ter env iro nmental functio n, while the Bulunt uo Lake w as classif ied into the third standard. Mo reov er, it showed that ther e wer e significant spat ial difference char acteristics of water quality that wer e clo ser t o the easter n part of the lake center and the bey ond away from the inlet area, indicated mo re serious the water po llution. ( 2) The key o ver2standard indices o f w ater po llution in Ulungur Lake wer e COD, CODMn, T N, TP and fluoride, and their spat ial dist ributio n char acteristics w ere as follows; the spatial distribut ion law s of COD, CODM n and fluoride indices co ncentration w ere ro ug hly sim ilar, show ing that the Jili Lake was supe2 rio r to the Buluntuo Lake and the water inlet w as g reater to the center area. In additio n, the concentr atio n of TN and TP indica2 to rs had little difference, which g enera lly show ed that t he inlet area was better than the lake center and the w est o f the Buluntuo Lake w as better t han t he east, r espectiv ely. ( 3) Eut rophicatio n, o rg anic matter and inor ganic matter w ere the main pollutio n so ur ces o f water quality in t he Ulungur Lake. Climate chang e and human act ivities may be the driv ing for ces for further deterio2 r atio n o f lake water quality.

国家自然科学基金( 51769036) ; 新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金( 2017D01A43) ; 新疆水资源项目/ 干旱区尾闾湖泊水质研究0