利用 Landsat 遥感影像, 采用面向对象分类法, 获取 30 年( 1985- 2015) 序列的吉林省湖泊空间分布图。基于 GIS 通过时间动态度指数、空间分布矢量密度指数以及多个景观指数对湖泊演变的时空动态特征进行系统分析。 结果表明: 30 年间吉林省湖泊面积总体呈萎缩趋势, 面积由2 667.12 km2 减少到2 131. 25 km2 , 湖泊数量减少了 72 个, 减少比例为 13. 74% ; 吉林省湖泊资源以小型湖泊( 0~ < 10 km2 ) 为主, 占比超过 90% , 30 年间不同面积等级的湖泊数量均有所减少, 其中小型湖泊减少了 63 个, 占 13.04% ; 空间分布矢量密度显示吉林省湖泊资源的分布呈现显著的分区特点, 其中东部湖泊资源稀少且密度指数最低, 湖泊数量增加了 10.39% , 但总体面积减少了 10.83 km2 ; 西部湖泊资源丰富, 以小型湖泊为主, 30 年间湖泊数量和面积均显著减少, 面积减少 266.85 km2 , 数量减少 25. 54% , 中部湖泊资源变化波动较大, 面积总体减少 237. 75 km2 , 数量减少 5. 33% 。

The object-oriented classification method is uttlized for Landsat remote sensing imagery and obtain spatial distribution maps of lakes in Jilin Province during the 30 years ( from 1985 to 2015) . The temporal and spatial dynamic characteristics of lake evolution are sy stematically analyzed using GIS through time dynamic index, spatial distribution vector density index, and multiple landscape indexes. The results show that: The area of lakes in Jilin Province showed a shrinking trend in 30 years. The area has decreased from 2 667. 12 km2 to 2 131. 25 km2, respectively. The number of lakes has decreased by 72, with a reduction ratio of 13. 74% . Lake resources in Jilin Province are mainly small lakes ( θ< 10 km2 ) , accounting for more than 90% . The number of lakes in different sizes has decr eased in 30 years, of which 63 small lakes have decr eased, accounting for 13.04% . The spatial distribution vector density shows that the distribution of lake resources in Jilin Province presents different characteristics in different regions. The lake resources in the east are scarce and have the lowest density index . The number of lakes has increased by 10.39% , but the total area has decreased by 10. 83 km2 . The lake resources in the west are rich and mainly small lakes. The number and area of lakes in 30 years have decreased significantly. The ar ea has decreased by 266. 85 km2 and the number has decreased by 25. 54% , respectively. The lake resources in the central region fluctuate greatly. The area has decreased by 237.75 km2 and the number has decreased by 5.33% .

国家自然科学基金( 41471152) ; 吉林省环境保护科研项目( 吉环科字第 2016-16 号)