为系统分析、总结我国节水发展历程和各阶段的特征，利用 CiteSpace 软件对 1958—2021 年有关节水研究 的中文文献进行计量分析，构建研究主题、研究热点和发展演进的知识图谱，统计研究时段内节水相关政策文件， 与文献发文量、高频关键词、突现词进行对比分析。研究发现：政策文件的发布会影响科技论文的发表数量及研 究内容；农业是节水研究的重点领域，节水研究早期聚焦在灌溉技术方面，随着研究领域拓宽、研究对象增多，节 水技术的综合应用是目前的研究热点；节水研究形成了以水资源管理为核心，以高效节水为主要目标，以灌溉技 术、节水农业等为技术手段的结构。根据节水研究和工作发展的关键时间节点，将节水发展历程划分为 4 个阶段： 节水萌芽阶段（1949—1981 年）；节水起步阶段（1982—2001 年）；全面节水阶段（2002—2011 年）；深化节水阶段 （2012 年至今）。研究成果可为全面了解我国节水发展历程和进一步深化节水研究及技术研发提供科学参考。

Water conservation is the key measure to solve the complex water problem in China, which is widely paid attention by the whole society. Literature is an important carrier to record research jobs and practical achievements in different fields, which can reflect the key points, hot issues, and difficult problems of a certain research field in a certain period. Systematic review and analysis of water conservation-related literature are helpful to understand the main direction and key content of water conservation research in different periods.Literature on water conservation research was retrieved from the Chinese Academic Journal Database of China national knowledge Internet from 1949 to 2021, and water conservation policy documents related to the same period were counted. The annual publication of literature and the number of policy documents issued over the years were analyzed. High frequency keywords and burst terms were obtained by key words clustering and burst detection of CiteSpace. Based on this, the core content and frontier of water conservation research were analyzed. Typical water conservation policy documents and high frequency key words and burst terms in the same period were counted to analyze the impact of policy documents on the content of water conservation research. Using the key words clustering and key words timeline visualization, the research themes of water conservation and the change of content in each theme with time were obtained.The results show that: (1) The number of published scientific research was affected by the promulgation of policy documents. Major policies played a significant role in guiding scientific research work. (2) Agriculture is the key field of water conservation research. Water conservation research focused on irrigation technology in the early stage. With the expansion of research fields and the increase of research objects, the comprehensive application of water conservation technology was the current research hotspot. (3) Water conservation research formed a research structure with water resource management as the core, high efficient water conservation as the main goal, and irrigation technology, water conservation irrigation, and water conservation agriculture as technical means. (4) 1982, 2002, and 2012 were the important time nodes in the promulgation of water conservation policy and the process of water conservation research. According to these time nodes, the development history of water conservation can be divided into four stages: the embryonic stage (1949-1981), the preliminary stage (1982-2001), the overall development stage (2002-2011), the deepening stage (2012 to date).In the embryonic stage of water conservation, the number of literature on water conservation was few, and practical work mainly focused on agricultural water conservation which was in the experimental stage. In the stage of preliminary, the problem of water shortage gradually emerged, water conservation research began to be active, and efforts to conserve water in agriculture, cities, and daily life continued to advance. In the overall development stage, water conservation was becoming more urgent as water consumption continued to increase. Research on new technologies and methods to conserve water kept emerging, and water conservation involved more and more research fields. In the stage of deepening water conservation, the research field of water conservation was further broadened and deepened, and the content of water conservation research became more abundant and more diversified. The comprehensive application of engineering technology means and management means was valued. These advances promoted the development of water conservation work forward.