为减少以调水和蓄水工程为主体的区域水网建设对生态环境的影响，以大通河为研究对象，筛选 9 种水文 学方法计算青石嘴、天堂、享堂 3 个关键控制断面 12 种不同的生态流量过程，基于过去 60 年径流时空分布以及 水-能源-生态（water-energy-ecosystem，WEE）纽带模型，开展生态调度计算分析。结果显示：大通河干流河道内生 态流量过程沿程增加，青石嘴、天堂、享堂 3 个断面年生态需水总量分别为 1.62 亿~14.54 亿 m3、2.46 亿~22.04 亿m3和 2.88 亿~25.46 亿 m3，且均以 Q90_Q50方法为最大，Tennant（10%）方法为最小；在不同生态需水约束下，引大济 湟工程调水规模介于 2.25 亿~8.81 亿 m3，占流域多年平均径流量的 7.8%~30.5%；生态需水保障率整体表现为非汛 期高于汛期，上游高于下游。兼顾生态环境保护与经济社会发展双重目标，为合理确定调水规模提供技术支撑。

The?construction?of?a?regional?water?network?is?a?crucial?measure?to?address?complex?water?problems such?as?the?uneven?spatial?and?temporal?distribution?of?water?resources,?while?to?achieve?the?goal?of?ecological protection ?and ?high-quality ?development. ?The ?water ?network, ?mainly ?consisting ?of ?water ?transfer ?and ?storage projects,?has?changed?the?pattern?of?water?resources?and?the?eco-hydrological?processes?of?rivers,?and?has?adverse impacts ?on ?the ?ecological ?environment. ?The ?Datong ?River ?basin ?is ?abundant ?in ?water ?resources ?and ?has ?great potential?for?hydropower.?The?three?major?water?transfer?projects?(from?Datong?River?to?Qinwangchuan?basin,?from Datong?River?to?Jinchang?City,?and?from?Datong?River?to?Huangshui?River?basin)?in?this?region?have?made?great contributions?to?the?economic?and?social?development?of?the?Xining-Lanzhou?City?cluster.?Given?that?the?Datong River?basin?includes?environmentally?sensitive?areas?such?as?the?upper?reaches?of?the?Yellow?River?Reserve?and?the Qilian?Mountain?National?Park,?ensuring?ecological?safety?is?important.?Unfortunately,?some?early?projects?failed?to adequately?consider?environmental?protection?requirements?at?the?planning?stage,?resulting?in?significant?changes?in river?hydrology,?including?reduced?river?flows,?deteriorating?water?quality,?and?declining?biodiversity. ??????On?the?basis?of?comprehensive?understanding?of?the?eco-hydrological?conditions,?the?characteristics?of?water transfer?and?hydropower?projects,?and?the?current?situation?of?water?resources?utilization?in?the?Datong?River?basin, three?key?control?sections?(Qingshizui,?Tiantang,?and?Xiangtang)?were?determined.?Nine?widely?used?hydrologically- based?methods?were?employed?to?calculate?12?ecological?flow?processes?at?the?three?sections,?which?were?considered in ?the ?water ?resource ?allocation ?of ?the ?Datong ?River ?basin. ?Furthermore, ?the ?Water-Energy-Ecosystem ?(WEE) Nexus?model,?which?was?developed?based?on?multi-objective?and?nonlinear?programming,?was?used?to?optimize?and compare?the?operations?of?different?water?diversion?and?storage?projects?as?well?as?the?corresponding?ecological flow?guarantee?rate?under?12?different?ecological?flow?processes,?with?the?past?60-year?hydrological?series?as?the model?input. ??????The?following?conclusions?can?be?drawn.?(1)?The?ecological?flows?were?increased?from?upstream?to?downstream along?the?Datong?River?(Qingshizui

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