为推动国家水网建设稳步迈入新质生产力发展的新征程，在理解水利新质生产力内涵及发展需求的基础上，从高科技、高效能、高质量、绿色4个维度出发，系统梳理国家水网建设需要把握的关键内容，分析有代表性的研究实例，并在此基础上进一步对国家水网未来研究进行展望，包括研发国家水网模拟器大科学装置、物理水网和虚拟水网协同建设、支撑人与自然和谐共生的现代化建设、科学处理人水关系4个方面，以期为面向新质生产力发展的国家水网建设提供参考。

The construction of national water network is recognized as a significant strategic deployment in China. It provides fundamental water security for the comprehensive establishment of a modern socialist country. This initiative is crucial in addressing issues related to water resources, ecology, environment, and disasters and supporting high-quality economic development. Its strategic importance lies not only in solving the uneven spatial and temporal distribution of water resources but also in meeting the new demands and adapting to the evolving economic and social development landscape of China, thereby promoting high-quality development in the water conservancy sector.To advance the construction of the national water network in line with new quality productive forces, key areas for improvement are systematically identified based on an understanding of the essence and developmental requirements of these new forces. The study focused on four dimensions: high-tech, high efficiency, high quality, and green development. Representative research examples were analyzed to gain insights and enhance the national water network construction targeted towards new quality productive forces. These examples included the design of the optimal water resources allocation system for the Yangtze-to-Huaihe River Water Diversion Project, the mainstream water ecology regulation model for the Yangtze River, and the regional water balance diagnostic analysis system. These case studies helped to summarize the practices related to national water network construction and clarified the development needs of new quality productive forces for its construction. The results indicated that in order to ensure that the national water network construction meets the development requirements of new quality productive forces, future research should focus on several areas. These include the development of a national water network construction simulator, the collaborative construction of physical and virtual water networks, modernization efforts to support harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, and the scientific management of the human-water relationship. Conclusively, theoretical support and practical references are provided for the construction of the national network of water resources aimed at new quality productive forces. It also ensures that development is in line with the demands of new quality productive forces by effectively enhancing the construction capabilities of the national network of water resources.