[关键词]
[摘要]
河流生态系统服务价值核算可为河道生态流量的确定、生态补水的效益分析提供重要参考。论文选择汾河为典型研究对象,考虑汾河水库、义棠、河津等6个干流水文站的断面形状、河道纵坡降比和糙率等河道参数,基于水力学原理和生态系统服务价值核算方法,开展了不同流量下的河流生态系统服务价值变化规律研究。结果表明:河流生态系统服务价值随流量的增加呈逐步减缓的上升趋势,而单方水的河流生态系统服务价值随流量的增加呈逐步减缓的下降趋势。按照汾河枯水期不低于15 m3/s的保障要求进行生态补水,需要年引黄水量6亿m3,可带来生态效益52.44亿元/年。研究结果可为生态与经济用水的竞争权衡、河道生态流量确定和保障提供科学依据。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
River ecosystem service value is one of the important bases for determining the ecological flow of river course and ensuring the ecological water supplement project. Taking the main stream of Fenhe River as an example, this paper improves the traditional calculation method of river ecosystem service value based on the hydraulic principle. According to the large section shape of the section of six hydrological stations, including Fenhe Reservoir Station, Yitang Station and Hejin Station, as well as hydraulic factors, such as the longitudinal gradient ratio and roughness of the river, the river ecosystem service value and its variability are studied. The results showed that the river ecosystem service value increased with the increase of flow, and the rising trend was more and more slow; The ecological and economic value of single cubic meter of river water decreases with the increase of flow, and the decreasing trend is more and more slow. According to the research results in this paper, when the Fenhe River introduces 600 million m3 of Yellow River water from the Yellow River, and the ecological water supplement is not less than 15 m3/s in the dry season, the ecological economic value of the single cubic meter of water in the main stream of the Fenhe River is 8.74 yuan, and the annual ecological value can be 4.131 billion yuan. The research results can provide scientific basis for the competition between ecological and economic water use, the determination and guarantee of river ecological flow and provide support for the ecological protection .
[中图分类号]
TV213.4???????????
[基金项目]
国家重点研发计划课题;国家高层次人才特殊支持计划;流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室自主研究课题