滨海枢纽北船闸为淮河入海水道与通榆河间通航永久性建筑物，通过物理模型试验，分析了不同阀门开启时间下船闸输水系统的物理指标，重点探究了输水过程的水力特性、闸室内流态、输水廊道顶部的压力变化特性以及闸室的船舶停泊条件。结果表明：该船闸在运行水头不大于5.99m 时，充水阀门以7min 的双边匀速连续开启，而当运行水头大于5.99m 时，充水阀门以9min 的双边匀速连续开启；在各运行水位组合时，泄水阀门均以7min 的双边匀速连续开启。在推荐的阀门运行方式下，船闸输水水力特性、输水廊道压力特性和闸室船舶停泊条件等均满足规范和设计要求。

The North Ship Lock of Binhai hub is a permanent structure for navigation between Huaihe River and Tongyu River. The ship lock level is grade II. The design of normal water level difference requires the water conveyance time to be 6 ~ 8 min. The design of high water level difference (5.99 m and 7.19 m head difference) requires the water conveyance time to be 9 ~ 12 min. The ship lock is subjected to two-way head action. The maximum forward water level difference is 7.19 m, and the maximum reverse water level difference is 1.91 m. The operation safety and water conveyance efficiency of the ship lock are the key technical problems to be solved in the construction of the ship lock. In order to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the North Ship Lock, the physical model test was used to study the hydraulic characteristics of the centralized water conveyance system of the North Ship Lock of the Binhai hub, for the purpose of providing technical reference for the safe and reliable operation of the ship lock In this paper, according to the provisions and requirements of the “Design Code for filling and Emptying Systems of Shiplocks(JTJ306-2001)” and the “Technical Code of Modelling Test for Port and Waterway Engineering (JTS/T231—2021)”, the weight and force scale of the original model are 27000, the flow velocity and time scale are 5.48, and the flow scale is 4929.5. The overall physical model of the ship lock with a scale of 1 : 30 was established. The side wall of the lock chamber, the water conveyance corridor and the inlet and outlet sections of the upper and lower lock heads were all made of polyethylene plastic plates. Reservoirs were set up in both upstream and downstream, and 2.3m×2.5m horizontal grooves were arranged in the reservoir to stabilize the upstream and downstream water levels. The hydraulic characteristics of the water conveyance process of the lock, the flow pattern in the lock chamber, the pressure change characteristics at the top of the water conveyance corridor and bollard force for ships moored in lock chambers under different valve opening time were analyzed by experiments, and the rationality of the overall layout design of the water conveyance system was verified. When the operating head was not greater than 5.99 m, the water filling valve was continuously opened at a bilateral uniform speed of 7 min. When the operating head was greater than 5.99 m, the water filling valve was continuously opened at a bilateral uniform speed of 9 min. In each operating water level combination, the discharge valve was continuously opened at a bilateral uniform speed of 7 minutes. When the upper lock head valve was continuously opened bilaterally for water filling for 6~9 min, the minimum instantaneous pressure at the top of the upper lock head water conveyance corridor was 2.57mH2O. When the lower lock head valve was continuously opened bilaterally for water discharge for 6~9 min, the minimum instantaneous pressure at the top of the lower lock head water conveyance corridor was -0.26H2O. Under different water head conditions, the water level of the lock chamber rose and fell smoothly, the surface was calm, and there was no unfavorable flow pattern such as vortex and bubble vortex in the lock chamber, and the flow pattern of the lock chamber was better as a whole. Under the recommended valve operation mode, the hydraulic characteristics of the lock, the pressure characteristics of the water conveyance corridor and bollard force for ships moored in lock chambers meet the specifications and design requirements.

江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目(20KJA570001),江苏省水利科技项目(2020029)