清林径水库是深圳市主要的供水调蓄水库,其水环境状况与深圳市水网水资源调控能力和供给能力密切相关。本研究于2019年7月调查分析了清林径水库水质及浮游植物功能群特征,应用冗余分析方法深入探讨了影响浮游植物优势功能群的主要环境因素。结果表明,目前清林径水库处于贫营养至中营养状态,主要超标污染物为总氮,且以有机氮污染为主。本次调查共鉴定浮游植物110种,可划分为25个功能群,包含A、J、Y、W2、Lo、MP、S1等7个优势功能群。其中功能群A占据绝对优势,表征清洁、深水、贫营养的生境特征,与水环境调查结果相一致。冗余分析结果表明,清林径水库浮游植物优势功能群的分布明显受水环境因子影响,其中溶解氧、铁、化学需氧量、硝酸盐氮、氨氮和透深比是影响优势功能群丰度的主要因素,水库存在水体富营养化和水华风险。针对外来水相对较差的供水调蓄水库,从工程措施和管理手段两方面提出水环境保障措施建议,可为供水调蓄水库水质保障和管理提供借鉴。

As an important regulating reservoir for two large water supply projects, the water environment quality of Qinglinjing Reservoir is closely related to the water resource regulating and supply capacity of the water network in Shenzhen. In order to investigate the characteristics of water pollution and phytoplankton function groups (PFGs), water and phytoplankton samples were collected in July 2019. The redundancy analysis (RDA) was employed to study the relationship between the dominant PFGs and environmental factors. Results showed that Qinglinjing Reservoir was in the oligotrophic- mesotrophic state, with the total nitrogen (TN) as an excessive pollutant. A total of 110 species, belonging to 26 PFGs were identified, and the dominant PFGs were A, J, Y, W2, Lo, MP and S1. Function group A, indicating the habitat characteristics of clean, deep and oligotrophic, showed the highest dominance index (0.587). The composition of phytoplankton functional groups was identical to the water quality. The results of RDA indicated the abundance of the dominant PFGs was mainly affected by the dissolved oxygen, Fe, chemical oxygen demand, nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and the ratio of transparency to depth. The degradation of organic nitrogen and the water from Dongjiang River will promote function group A and inhibit function groups J, Y, W2, Lo, MP and S1. So Qlinglinjing Reservoir is at the risk of eutrophication and bloom. Water environment protection measures were provided from the aspects of engineering measures and management means, which can be referenced by water quality protection and management of water supply and regulating reservoir.

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深圳市水务发展专项资金科技创新项目（SSZX2019-064）