为了查明阅海湖与地下水交互关系并计算转化量，依托构建阅海湖-地下水观测剖面，采用钻探勘查、自动监测、取样检测和试验分析等手段，对阅海湖及其周边地下水相互关系、水化学特征、同位素特征和水动力场进行分析，建立剖面达西模型计算转化量。结果表明，阅海湖水位高于东西两侧地下水，单向补给地下水；湖水直接来源黄河水补给，湖西侧地下水主要来源于农田灌溉，东侧地下水主要来源于西侧地下水径流补给；湖水的高水头动力场造成湖东西两侧地下水径流交替不畅，水中盐分聚集，水质咸化；利用竖管试验获得阅海湖底淤泥的渗透系数在0.0019-0.0055 m/d之间，湖底淤泥渗透性差，采用剖面达西模型计算2023年度湖水补给地下水量为187.15×104 m3。研究成果可为阅海湖的监测保护和生态需水量的确定提供支撑。

Lakes and wetlands have played an important role in many aspects of resource such as environment, ecology, life and production, and are an important link in the hydrological cycle. Yuehai Lake is the largest and most important artificial lake wetland in Yinchuan City, Ningxia, which forms a complex hydrological coupling system with the surrounding groundwater, and has a significant impact on the regional water cycle. In order to identify the transformation relationship between the lake and the surrounding groundwater and calculate the amount of mutual transformation, the monitoring profiles were deployed in the lake to analyzed the groundwater mutual relationship, hydrochemical characteristics, isotope characteristics and hydrodynamic field of the lake and its surrounding groundwater. Firstly, the interrelationship between the lake and the surrounding groundwater was analyzed by the water level dynamics data from the monitoring wells and the monitoring data from Yuehai Lake, secondly, the recharge sources of the lake were analyzed by the hydrochemical and isotopic data, and finally, the recharge of the lake water to the groundwater was estimated by Darcy's law. The results shows that the water level of the lake is higher than the groundwater on the east and west sides, and the lake water recharges the groundwater unidirectionally; the lake water is directly recharged by the Yellow River, the groundwater on the west side of the lake mainly comes from the irrigation of farmland, and the east side of the lake mainly comes from the recharge of the groundwater runoff on the west side; the high head dynamic field of the lake water causes the poor alternation of groundwater runoff between the east and the west side of the lake, and the salts in the water gather, and the water quality becomes saline; the permeability coefficient of the silt at the bottom of the lake is between 0.0019 and 0.0055 m/d, which was estimated by Darcy's law. The permeability coefficient of the silt at the bottom of the lake is between 0.0019 and 0.0055 m/d, and the permeability of the silt at the bottom of the lake is poor, and the recharge of the lake water to the groundwater in the year of 2023 was estimated to be 187.15 m3 by using Darcy's law.

宁夏自然基金（2024AAC03424），国家自然科学基金项目（41672241）