Water Management Strategies Based on Reduction of Water Footprint
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Abstract:
Water footprint is a concept to identify the actual human water requirements. Based on the study of water footprint, the breakthrough point to adjust the water resources consumption mode is found through the reduction of water footprint and the corresponding measures can be adopted to reduce human water requirements. According to the above theory, several water resources management measures are presented based on the reduction of water footprint. First, the efficiency of industrial water use is improved, the industrial structure and consumption pattern are adjusted, the virtual water trade is developed, and all of these can directly reduce the regional footprint water. Secondly, the improvement of effective utilization rate of irrigation water and utilization rate of green water could reduce the agricultural water footprint. Finally, the enhanced utilization of non-conventional water resources, especially the recycled water, seawater, and rainwater, can improve the reuse of water resources and then indirectly reduce the water footprint. This paper also proposes the suggestions of water resources measures to use the water footprint theory at the river basin scale and then to integrate the water resources and ecosystems.
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