Shallow Groundwater Chemistry Characteristics and Their Controlling Factors in the Ejina Delta
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Abstract:
Based on hydrochemistry data of water samples collected during the ecologic water conveyance period in April and the intermission period in August, 2011 from fourteen observation wells in the Ejina Delta, the water chemistry characteristics of shallow groundwater and their controlling factors were analyzed synthetically with the influence of single ecological water conveyance in the riparian zone, gobi desert, and farmland-oasis area using the methods of Kriging interpolation and piper diagram. The results indicated that (1) the shallow groundwater hydrochemistry type did not change significantly between April and August in the Ejina Delta, but the TDS (total dissolved solids) (2211.7 to 2974.3 mg/L), total hardness（251.5 to 357.3 mg/L）, and average content of main ions increased significantly from April to August, along with considerable increasing of space variation coefficient （112.6 to 157.5）; (2) shallow groundwater chemistry showed spatial variation with the increasing of TDS from less than 1000 mg/L to more than 3000 mg/L along the direction of groundwater flow and the existence of peak strip of TDS at a certain distance from the river; and (3)the main controlling factors for the shallow groundwater chemistry in the Ejina Delta included evapotranspiration, river water filtration, and groundwater pumping and irrigation.
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