Water chemistry characteristics and evolution of groundwater system influenced by human exploitation activity in Hengshui area
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Abstract:
The pattern of brine mainly distributed on upper aquifer and freshwater retained in the deeper sediments prevailing existed in the Hengshui district. Being excessive exploitation, the deeper freshwater trend to be salty induced by the shallow brine downward mitigation. A typical profile of domain is selected to investigate groundwater chemical characteristics variation, and its corresponding evolution mechanisms is analyzed via the data of water level, chemistry changes and groundwater pumping during 2011-2014. The results show that, the shallow aquifer shows a weak runoff in the horizontal direction; the shallow groundwater has a behavior of diverse chemical distribution with water quality improved from west to east among which ion concentration fluctuated significantly in the west. Reversely, horizontal runoff of deeper aquifer is strengthened affected by human excessive exploitation. There is a tendency to deteriorate in deep water though a better water quality remained nowadays. Hydrodynamic between adjacent aquifers is enhanced by pumping activities. There are some correlations of ion content between them and water seep from irrigation takes major accounts of recharge. Thereby, the deep freshwater is getting worse with interface of downward saline water.