Field experimental study of the characteristics of GPR images of river ice ZHANG Bao-sen1, ZHANG Fang-xiu1, LIU Zi-yang2, HAN Hong-wei3, LI Zhi-jun3
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Abstract:
Radar measurement experiments were performed with a RIS K2 at the Toudaoguai Hydrological Station section in the winter of 2013-2014. The experiments detected ice thickness using radar with different frequency antenna and compared the detected thickness with measured thickness by drilling. The results showed the 200-MHz antenna can detect deeper depth below river ice and identify the frazil ice layer. The radar transmission speed in ice was determined based on the propagation time of radar electromagnetic wave and measured ice thickness. The radar transmission speed was about 16.3 cm/ns in the freezing period and less than 15.0 cm/ns in melting period. The GPR images showed that the thickness of the ice layer was not uniform along the section perpendicular to the course of river. In the main flow area between Pile No. 400 and No. 520, the maximum ice thickness was about 60 cm and the ice was mainly made up of granular ice and columnar ice created by thermodynamic growth. In the non-main flow area between Pile No. 520 and No. 740, the maximum ice thickness was about 70 cm and the ice was mainly made up of frazil ice. In addition, The GPR images can be used to locate the position and direction of the ice cracks in ice layer.
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