Effects of different management measures on water quantity and quality of the Miyun Reservoir catchment
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Abstract:
A SWAT hydrological model was constructed on the Miyun Reservoir catchment, and the parameters of the model were adjusted according to the actual water quantity and quality data. Based on SWAT simulation results, the critical areas of soil erosion and pollution were identified, and the effects of different management measures on water quantity and quality were analyzed quantitatively. The results are as follows. The areas of intense soil erosion are concentrated near the river in the middle and lower reaches of the Miyun Reservoir catchment. The non-point source pollution in the Chao River watershed is more serious. The areas with ultra-high risk of TN loss in Chao River and Bai River watersheds respectively account for 62.62% and 43.09% of the total areas. Bai River watershed has low risk of TP loss, while in Chao River watershed, the areas with high risk of TP loss account for 17.81%; Contour farming and terraced planting are both effective in reducing the amount of runoff, sediments, and pollutant load. Contour farming has reduced 25.16% of sediments, 10.79% of TN, and 32.89% of TP in Chao River watershed, and 47.60% of sediments, 34.92% of TN, and 53.49% of TP in Bai River watershed. Returning farmland to forests is more effective in pollutant reduction than returning farmland to grasslands. The research results can provide basis for decision-making in soil and water conservation and water environment rehabilitation in the Miyun Reservoir catchment.
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