Experimental study on the effects of sinkholes on spring flow attenuation process within fissure-conduit media
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Abstract:
The karstic fissures and conduits are the main underground water-storing space and water-conducting channels in Southwest China. Sinkholes are important water discharge channels for temporary storage of the surface water in karst area, and are widely distributed in the Southwest. To study the effects of sinkholes on the spring flow attenuation process is of great importance to the sustainable development and the study of the karst hydrology. A physical model of fissure-conduit medium was set up in this study, and was used to simulate the spring flow attenuation process in sinkholes of different sizes and degrees of filling. The sensitivity of the attenuation coefficient to different factors was explored with the attenuation curve. Results of the experiments demonstrated that the exponential attenuation formulation can describe the attenuation process generally, and the attenuation curve can be divided into three phases. The attenuation coefficient of the first phase is much subject to the size of the sinkhole. The attenuation coefficient will increase as the sinkhole size decreases, and it has positive correlation with the degree of filling of sinkholes.
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