Analysis of groundwater table regime along the typical cross-sections of the Manas River Basin, Xinjiang
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Abstract:
Manas River Basin of Xinjiang is a region with great efforts to develop water resources and a higher level of economic development. Based on the trend analysis of the monitoring data of typical profile composed of 13 monitoring wells from 2010 to 2014 in Manas River Basin, the conclusion that groundwater level of the whole profile showed continual declination is draw. The decreasing rate of groundwater level of single unconfined groundwater area in upper alluvial plain was 0.65～0.83 m/a(with an average of 0.74 m/a); the decreasing rate of groundwater level of overflow zone in middle was 1.12 m/a; the decreasing rate of groundwater level in upper part and lower part of alluvial fine soil plain area were 0.59～3.07 m/a(with an average of 1.77 m/a) and 0.35～3.98 m/a respectively(with an average of 2.41 m/a). Annual decreasing rate of groundwater level from upstream and downstream showed an increasing trend. In terms of the annual variance of groundwater level, the change type of groundwater depth in alluvial plain was down-up-down; the type in overflow zone and north area was up-down-up. Groundwater dynamic type of single unconfined groundwater area in upper alluvial plain is infiltration-runoff type, groundwater dynamic type from overflow zone to alluvial fine soil plain area is exploitation type. Because the regional groundwater level continued to decline, present situation groundwater depth(5.89～67.46 m) is much higher than critical depth of desertification(6.0 m), ecological environment is facing deterioration. Based on the analysis of water resources utilization in Shihezi City and Manas County, the factors of groundwater level falling are groundwater overexploitation and the effective utilization of regional water resources which reduced the groundwater recharge. Finally, it is proposed that water resources must be scientifically planned to reduce the area of irrigation and groundwater exploitation, and to carry out the mechanism of ecological compensation to make the economic and social sustainable development in the basin.
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