Numerical simulation of flow characteristics in a tidal river confluence - A case study of Sanjiangkou in Ningbo City
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Abstract:
Riv er confluence pr ovides convenience fo r the dev elopment of cities and has sig nificant inf luence on the reg ioncs flo od co nt rol, inland nav igat ion, and fluv ial pr ocesses. Aiming at the unidir ect ional flow s in a tidal river co nfluence ( Sanjiangkou, Ning bo city ) , w e established a two2dimensio nal hydro dy nam ic mathematical model using Delft23D. Based o n the measured hy dr olog ical and t opog raphic data, we applied four commo nly used parameters to calibr ate and validate the model r esults, focu2 sing on such flow characteristics as the tidal curr ent fields, velo city distribut ion and horizo nta l wat er lev el chang es at the max imum flood and ebb tides in w et and dry seasons. The results show ed that the f low f ield in the confluence area is analo go us to the distribut ary flow during t he flood tide, and is the co nfluence f low during the ebb t ide. There are tw o low2v elo city r eg io ns in the co nfluence vertex and the dow nstr eam of the left branch co nfluence area and they can form a separation reg ion. T he confluence flow v elocity during the ebb t ide is g enera lly lar ger than that during the flo od tide. The max imum f low velo cities in t he w et and dr y seasons ar e close. In additio n, the w ater surface of the thr ee ty pical cr oss2sections show s a sing le tr ansverse slo pe during the maximum floo d and ebb t ides. the w ater surface slo pe at the max imum ebb tide is g reater than that at the max imum f loo d tide. At the max imum ebb tide, the w ater surface of the confluence area is hig h near the mix ed layer and low at its tw o sides, show ing a " saddle shape" .
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