Hydrochemical characteristics of shallow groundwater along the Tarim desert highway

Desert Highway in Xinjiang,we analyzed the test data of 20 groundwater samples in the study area in 2014 and explored the major controlling factors of the hydrochemical evolution processes along the highway by means of mathematical statistics,Piper triangular diagrams,Gibbs figure,correlation analysis,and ion ratios.The results showed that the major anions and cations in the shallow groundwater were SO42- and Na+.The total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration ranged from 543.61 to 10249.74 mg/L with an average value of 4087.58 mg/L.The pH ranged from 7.11 to 9.05 with an average value of 7.8 7.95% of the water samples had a total hardness above 450 mg/L.The major hydrochemical types of groundwater were SO4·Cl Na,SO4·Cl Na·Mg and SO4·Cl Na·Ca.SO42- and Na+ were the main sources of TDS,and they were mainly derived from rock salt or evaporite dissolution.All the major ions had good correlation with each other,and their sources were consistent.Atmospheric precipitation had little effect on the chemical composition of groundwater in the study area.The groundwater was mainly affected by evaporation and rock weathering.The main ion source in groundwater was greatly affected by the weathering and dissolution of silicate rock and evaporite rock.It was also affected by the dissolution of carbonate rock and cation exchange.

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