Vertical distribution characteristics of water temperature in front of Xiaowan Hydropower Plant on Lancang River
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Abstract:
Water temperature is a key environmental factor in the aquatic ecosystem,and it plays an important role in the survival and reproduction of aquatic organisms as well as the ecological balance of the aquatic environmental system.The building of large reservoirs will change the original water temperature structure of the river,and the water temperature stratification will appear in the vertical direction.Due to the limitation of observation conditions and methods,the stratified observation of water temperature in reservoirs with water depth over 200 m is seldom carried out both in China and overseas.In this study,Xiaowan Hydropower Plant on Lancang River was taken as research object,and the uninterrupted high density water temperature data of 1-200 m depth in front of the dam was obtained to examine the vertical water temperature distribution characteristics in front of the dam of Xiaowan Hydropower Plant.The results showed that Xiaowan Reservoir was a typical stratified reservoir with annual water temperature stratification in front of the dam,which appeared most obvious in summer and most subtly in winter.The annual average temperature difference of surface and bottom water was 8.14 ℃ and the annual change rate of water temperature relative to water depth was 0.04 ℃/m.There was a positive correlation between surface water temperature and air temperature in front of the dam,and the maximum water temperature appeared lags behind the air temperature.The changing trend of thermocline thickness was opposite to the depth and the depth of thermocline decreased in spring,increased in winter while remained stable in summer and autumn,respectively.
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