Permafrost variation characteristics and its relationship with temperature in Yellow River
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Abstract:
As the climate warms,permafrost degradation becomes progressively serious in cold regions.The changing characteristics of the frozen depth of permafrost have become the focus of many hydrologists and ecologists,and also become the hot and difficult point of hydrology research in cold regions.It is of great significance to study the variation characteristics of permafrost in the source region of the Yellow River for understanding the rules of alpine hydrological science,exploring the regional ecohydrological process and building the ecological civilization in the cold region. Use of 9 weather stations data from 1997 to 2018 of daily temperature,surface temperature and frozen soil depth data,and using the linear trend analysis,inverse distance weighted interpolation method based on ArcGIS,elevation interpolation method and the correlation coefficient method,the temperature and seasonally frozen soil of Yellow River source area maximum freezing depth and start-stop time freeze cycle are analyzed.The relationship between maximum freezing depth and temperature was also studied. The distribution of the maximum freezing depth of seasonally frozen soil in the source region has obvious latitude zoning and vertical distribution,and the higher latitude area is greater than the lower latitude area,and the higher altitude area is greater than the lower altitude area.At the same time,compared with the regions with high latitude and high altitude,the freezing start date of frozen soil appears earlier,the thawing date appears later,and the freezing period is longer in the regions.The starting and ending time of seasonal permafrost in the source region has changed,which generally showed the starting time of freezing is later,the thawing time is earlier,and the freezing period is shorter.The variation range is different in different regions,and the average shortening rate in the source region is 8 d/(10 a). Interpretation: In recent 20 years,the temperature in most of the source area rise to a different extent,and maximum freezing depth showed a decrease trend of permafrost.The maximum frozen soil depth and winter average temperature geothermal ground temperature,average temperature cycle,the negative accumulated temperature is a negatively correlated relationship.It′s response to the negative accumulated temperature is the most significant,the correlation coefficient R=0.762 7.It shows that the maximum permafrost depth will decrease by 7.07 cm when the negative accumulated temperature rises by 100 ℃.
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